Erwin Schulz

Erwin Wilhelm Schulz (27 November 1900 – 11 November 1981) was a German member of the Gestapo and the SS in Nazi Germany. He was the leader of ''Einsatzkommando 5'', part of ''Einsatzgruppe C'', which was attached to the Army Group South during the planned invasion of Soviet Union in 1941, and operated in the occupied territories of south-eastern Poland and Ukrainian SSR committing mass killings of civilian population, mostly men of Jewish ethnicity, under the command of SS-Brigadeführer Otto Rasch.

The case of Erwin Schulz was notable for demonstrating that service in the Einsatzgruppen was voluntary. He did not volunteer for the job, nor did he turn it down. Previously, he'd expressed opposition to mass shootings. Under orders, however, Schulz, despite "serious misgivings", participated in the massacres of Jewish men. After being ordered to kill Jewish women and children, he protested. When he was unable to get the order retracted, he asked if he could stop. The request was granted within days, with him being discharged on the orders of Reinhard Heydrich himself. Schulz not only faced no consequences for stopping, but was promoted shortly after. By the end of the war, he'd reached the rank of Brigadeführer, the SS equivalent of a brigadier general. Provided by Wikipedia